Common Core Standards
Grade:
4th Grade
Standard:
CC.1.1.4.D
Description:
Know and apply grade-level phonics and word analysis skills in decoding words.
Use combined knowledge of all letter-sound correspondences,syllabication patterns, and morphology to read accurately unfamiliar multisyllabic words.
Standard:
4.2.A*
Description:
determine the meaning of grade-level academic English words derived from Latin, Greek, or other linguistic roots and affixes
Standard:
Literacy.RF.4.3a
Description:
Use combined knowledge of all letter-sound correspondences, syllabication patterns, and morphology (e.g., roots and affixes) to read accurately unfamiliar multisyllabic words in context and out of context.
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4th Grade Reading - Roots and Affixes Lesson
Roots & Affixes
Words are built from meaningful roots and affixes .
Roots are the basic units of meaning of words. Many roots can stand alone as words.
Affixes are word parts added to root words to build on or change their meanings.
Prefixes attach to the beginnings of words.
Suffixes attach to the ends of words.
misalignment : [noun ] the state or result of being incorrectly lined up
autobiography : [noun ] a self-written story of one's own life
Examples of Roots and Affixes
Prefix
Meaning
Example Words
mis-
wrong, incorrectly
misspell, misjudge
sub-
under
submarine, subtotal
dis-
not, opposite of, apart, away
disappear, disinterested
anti-
against
antivirus, antisocial
en-
make, cause to be
enforce, envision
ex-
out
export, exit
in-
not
inactive, invisible
post-
after
postdate, postscript
pre-
before
prefix, pretest
un-
no, not, opposite
unafraid, unlikely
under-
below, lacking
underage, underground
re-
again
redo, realign
Suffix
Meaning
Example Words
-ment
result, state, quality, process, or action of
judgment, involvement
-ity, -ty
state or condition of
equality, royalty
-ist
one who does something
violinist, artist
-en
to do something
strengthen, fasten
-able
able to be or cause
flammable, teachable
-less
without, lacking
heartless, clueless
-ly
in what way
happily, safely
-ful
full of, having
beautiful, truthful
-ness
state, condition, or quality of
freshness, happiness
-y
having the quality of
lumpy, cloudy
Root
Meaning
Example Words
auto
self
autograph, automatic
graph
write, draw
graphic, photograph
meter
measure
millimeter, metric
bio
life
biology, biodiversity
com
with, together
companion, compare
port
carry
portable, import
rupt
break, burst
disrupt, interrupt
terr
land
territory, terrain
geo
earth, ground, soil
geography, geode
❋ ❋ ❋ ❋ ❋ ❋ ❋ ❋ ❋ ❋ ❋ ❋ ❋ ❋ ❋ ❋ ❋ ❋ ❋ ❋ ❋ ❋ ❋ ❋ ❋ ❋ ❋ ❋ ❋ ❋ Go to the next page to practice working with roots and affixes .