other ways to spell sh (e.g., -sion, -tion, -cian); and
silent letters (e.g., knee, wring);
Texas Essential Knowledge and Skills (TEKS):
4.22.B*
spell base words and roots with affixes (e.g., -ion, -ment, -ly, dis-, pre-)
Arkansas Academic Standards:
4.FR.4.PE
Encode words, using knowledge of Latin prefixes, assimilated prefixes, bases, and suffixes and with the use of connectives as needed.
4th Grade Writing - Roots and Affixes Lesson
Affixes are groups of letters added to the root of a word to change its meaning. An affix added to the beginning of a word is a prefix, while an affix added to the end of a word is a suffix.
Example:
dis- — "opposite of" or "not"
discomfort — the absence or opposite of comfort
disorder — lack of order or not in order
pre- — "before"
precede — to come before
precook — to cook food partly or completely beforehand
-er — "more," "action or process," or "person or object that does something"
gamer — a person who plays games.
toaster — an object that toasts bread
These are only a few prefixes and suffixes! There are many, many more that help to form the words that we use everyday. A few more examples of some common prefixes and suffixes are below.
4th Grade Writing - Roots and Affixes Lesson