One way to multiply a one-digit number by a number with
more than one digit is by using partial products.
Step 1: Write the second number under the first number so that the corresponding places are lined up.
Step 2: Expand the top number by place value.
Step 3: Multiply the bottom number by each number in the expansion.
| 443 | | 400 + 40 + 3 |
| × | 8 | | |
| 3,200 | | 8 × 400 |
| 320 | | 8 × 40 |
| 24 | | 8 × 3 |
Step 4: Add the products.
| 443 | | |
| × | 8 |
| 3,200 |
| 320 |
| + | 24 |
| 3,544 |
So, 443 × 8 = 3,544.
An area model can also be used to multiply using partial products.
Step 1: Set up the area model using place value.
Step 2: Multiply 8 by each number in the top row.
Step 3: Add the products.
3,200 + 320 + 24 = 3,544
So, 443 × 8 = 3,544.
4th Grade Math - Multiplication Lesson